A. In an MS-SPRing， all paths are protected.
B. MS-SPRing is always a high-order protection.
C. A low order circuit cannot be protected by an MS-SPRing.
D. There is no theoretical limit in the number of nodes in an SNCP ring.

A. bridging
B. switching
C. squelching
D. nodal bypass
E. node failure insertion

A. DUS
B. line timing
C. loop timing
D. internal timing
E. through timing

A. 3 E3
B. 4 E4
C. 64 E1
D. 21 E1 and 2 E3
E. 42 E1 and 2 E3

A. SNCP traffic is switched from the first node that recieves the AIS.  MS-SPRing traffic is rerouted from the first in the ring.
B. SNCP traffic is selected at the destination node in the ring.  MS-SPRing is rerouted from the originating node in the ring.
C. SNCP traffic is rerouted from the originating node in the ring. MS-SPRing traffic is rerouted from the originating node in the ring.
D. SNCP traffic is selected at the destination node in the ring. MS-SPRing traffic is rerouted from the last reachable node in the ring.

A. an STM-16
B. any four VC-4s
C. four contiguous VC-4s
D. four contiguous STM-4s
E. two groupings of four VC-4s

A. SDH circuit over a SONET network delivering it as an SDH signal
B. SDH circuit over a SONET network delivering it as a SONET signal
C. SONET circuit over an SDH network delivering it as an SDH signal
D. SONET circuit over an SDH network delivering it as a SONET signal

A. AMI
B. DUS
C. ESF
D. PRS
E. SMC
F. B8ZS

A. Each fiber has half of its capacity reserved for protection.
B. Two fibers carry their full capacities while the other two fibers are reserved for protection.
C. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The receiver determines which fiber to listen to based on signal quality.
D. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The transmitter determines which fiber has the working bit set for the receiver to acknowledge.

A. the DCC-E
B. the DCC-M
C. the DCC-R
D. the Line DCC
E. the Section DCC