單項選擇題In order to avoid misconnections due to a failed node in a Bidirectional Line Switched Ring (BLSR), Alarm Indication Signals (AISs) are sent on every channel normally terminating in that node. What is the name of this process?（）

A. trunking
B. squelching
C. nodal bypass
D. bridge and roll
E. node failure insertion


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1.單項選擇題How is UPSR and BLSR traffic rerouted during a protection switch when a complete fiber cable cut occurs?（）

A. Traffic is switched from the first node receiving the AIS indication.
B. Traffic is switched from the far side of the failure, allowing handshaking to occur.
C. UPSR traffic is switched from the terminating node, BLSR traffic is rerouted from the originating node in the ring.
D. UPSR traffic is switched from the terminating node, circuit by circuit. BLSR traffic is rerouted from the last reachable node in the ring.

2.單項選擇題What protection method is used in 4F BLSR networks?（）

A. Each fiber has half of its SONET capacity reserved for protection.
B. Two fibers in the span carry working traffic, while the other two fibers in the span are reserved for protection.
C. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The receiver determines which fiber to listen to based on signal quality.
D. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The transmitter determines which fiber has the working bit set for the receiver to acknowledge.

3.單項選擇題Which is a legitimate bandwidth matched pair?（）

A. DS-1; E1
B. DS-1; STM-1
C. OC-3; STM-1
D. STS-1; STM-1
E. OC-192; STM-192

5.單項選擇題Which timing mode is appropriate for a SONET NE that is adjacent to a SONET NE using BITS-1 timing source?（）

A.DUS
B.line timing
C.loop timing
D.internal timing
E.through timing

7.單項選擇題SONET Code Violations (CVs) totals in the PM tables are actually an accumulation of the number of （）.

A. J0 errors detected in a specified interval
B. errors detected in a given Errored Second (ES)
C. errors detected in a given Severely Errored Second (SES)
D. errors the encryption algorithm detects in a specified interval
E. Bit Interleaved Parity (BIP) errors detected in a specified interval

8.單項選擇題Scrambling of SONET signals is done to （）.

A. prevent the leakage of external fiber emissions
B. provide the optical network with the highest level of security possible
C. assure an even distribution of 1's and 0's for extended transmitter life
D. assure an adequate number of transitions for clock recovery at the receiver
E. prevent the receiver from assuming AIS inadvertently when all 0's are received

9.單項選擇題A Channel ID mismatch occurs when （）.

A. fibers are terminated incorrectly on a node
B. the channel number in the received K1 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the K2 byte
C. the channel number in the received C1 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the C2 byte
D. the channel number in the received C2 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the C1 byte
E. the channel number in the received K2 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the K1 byte