A.learning state
B.listening state
C.forwarding state
D.root-inconsistent state

A.Designated Root Cost
B.bridge ID priority
C.max age
D.bridge ID MAC address
E.Designated Root Priority
F.forward delay

A.one global STP instance for all VLANs
B.one STP instance for each VLAN
C.one STP instance per set of VLANs
D.one STP instance per set of bridges

A.Attempt to TELNET from the router connected to the inside of the firewall to the router connected to the outside of the firewall.If telnet works，BGP will work，since telnet and BGP both use TCP to transport data
B.Ping from the router connected to the inside interface of the firewall to the router connected to the outside interface of the firewall.If you can ping between them，BGP should work，since BGP uses IP to transport packets
C.There is no way to make BGP work across a firewall without special configuration，so there is no simple test that will show you if BGP will work or not，other than trying to start the peering session
D.There is no way to make BGP work across a firewall

A.The TTL field from the IP packet is copied into the TTL field of the MPLS label header at the ingress edge LSR
B.TTL propagation cannot be disabled in an MPLS domain
C.TTL propagation is only disabled on the ingress edge LSR
D.The TTL field of the MPLS label header is set to 255
E.The TTL field of the IP packet is set to 0

A.Cisco IOS IPS enabled on the untrusted interface
B.NBAR enabled to perform protocol discovery and deep packet inspection
C.a route map to define the trusted outgoing traffic
D.a route map to define the application inspection rules
E.an inbound extended ACL applied to the untrusted interface

A.none，since it is implicit
B.to enable Cisco IOS IPS to work properly；however，it is the deny all traffic entry that is actually required
C.to enable Cisco IOS Firewall to work properly；however，it is the deny all traffic entry that is actually required
D.to allow the log option to be used to log any matches
E.to prevent sync flood attacks
F.to prevent half-opened TCP connections